Can Allergies Cause Ear Pain?

Allergies can lead to symptoms that disrupt daily life, from constant sneezing to bothersome congestion. If you’ve ever wondered whether the ear pain or pressure you’re feeling might also be linked to allergies, you’re not alone.

The connection between allergies and ear discomfort can be surprising but is worth understanding. In this article, we’ll learn whether allergies can contribute to ear pain, the difference between ear infection and allergies, what you can do to find relief, and when to see a doctor.

Can Allergies Cause Ear Pain?

Yes, allergies may lead to ear pain due to their impact on the structures connected to the ears. Allergies trigger an inflammatory response and swelling in the nasal passages, which can spread and lead to blockage of the eustachian tubes — the small canals that helps regulate pressure between the middle ear and the throat [*].

When these tubes becomes blocked, pressure imbalances can develop in the ear, leading to discomfort or pain. Additionally, allergic reactions can cause fluid to build up in the middle ear, which create a sense of fullness and may also contribute to mild hearing loss and pain.

Sinus congestion from allergies is another factor, as the increased pressure in the sinus cavities can radiate to the ears, intensifying the discomfort.

These are reasons ear pain could be a symptom of allergies.

Related: Can Allergies Cause Clogged Ears?

Can Allergies Cause Ear Infection?

Allergies do not directly cause ear infections, but they create the conditions that make infections more likely. Since allergies cause swelling in the nasal passages and block the eustachian tube, fluid buildup occurs.

The accumulated fluid creates a moist environment, which provides an ideal breeding ground for bacteria or viruses. Over time, if the blockage persists, this can result in an ear infection.

Additionally, the inflammation and pressure caused by sinus congestion from allergies can further compromise ear function, which increases the risk of infection.

Ear Infection vs. Allergies

Both ear infections and allergies can cause ear pain, but they arise from distinct causes and have different accompanying symptoms.

An ear infection typically occurs when bacteria or viruses infect the middle ear, often following a cold, sinus infection, or respiratory illness. Symptoms of an ear infection include sharp or throbbing pain, fever, fluid drainage from the ear, and sometimes difficulty hearing [*].

In contrast, allergies (which are triggered by an immune response to allergens) lead to ear pain due to congestion and inflammation in the nasal passages and eustachian tubes [*]. However, unlike ear infections, ear pain from allergies is usually accompanied by symptoms such as sneezing, itchy eyes, and a stuffy nose, without fever or fluid drainage.

Related: Allergies vs. Cold: Which is It?

Common Allergens Related to Ear Pain

Allergens are everywhere — in the air, on surfaces, and even in our homes. Some people are more sensitive to them than others, especially if their immune system is weaker or under stress [*]. These allergens can lead to congestion and inflammation, which may cause ear discomfort.

Common allergens include:

• Pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds
• Dust mites
• Pet dander
• Mold spores

How to Treat Ear Pain from Allergies

If you're dealing with ear pain from allergies, there are several ways to relieve the discomfort and address the underlying issues. These treatments can help reduce symptoms, but it's important to remember that each person may respond differently.

Here are some helpful options to consider:

• Antihistamines. Over-the-counter antihistamines can help reduce allergic reactions, including ear congestion and pain, by blocking histamines that cause these symptoms. Non-drowsy options, like loratadine (Claritin) and cetirizine (Zyrtec), are ideal for daytime use since they don't cause the drowsiness associated with older antihistamines.
• Decongestants. Taking decongestants can help relieve congestion and reduce pressure in the ears. However, it's important to note that oral decongestants are riddled with side-effects and many are being pulled by the FDA from the market. Most allergists do not recommend their use.
• Nasal sprays. Nasal sprays are effective in that they directly target inflammation and congestion in the nasal passages, which helps alleviate the discomfort associated with ear pressure. For optimal results, use a reliable nasal spray that addresses multiple symptoms, such as Allermi, which combines up to four medications with varying concentrations. Learn more here.
• Warm compress. Applying a warm compress to the affected ear can be an effective way to alleviate pain associated with allergies. The warmth helps promote blood circulation, which can reduce inflammation and ease discomfort in the ear area. Additionally, the heat can relax the muscles around the ear and encourage better fluid drainage.
• Hydration. Staying hydrated is essential for managing allergy-related ear discomfort. When you drink plenty of fluids, it helps thin the mucus in your nasal passages. Hydration also supports immune function and can aid in faster recovery from allergic reactions.
• Sit upright and swallow often. Swallowing opens the eustachian tubes, allowing pressure to balance between the ear and the environment, while sitting up encourages better fluid drainage from the ears.

When to See a Doctor for Ear Pain from Allergies

You should see a doctor for ear pain from allergies if the discomfort persists for more than a few days, or if it becomes severe and doesn't improve with typical over-the-counter treatments like antihistamines.

If you experience additional symptoms such as fever, fluid drainage from the ear, or difficulty hearing, these could indicate an ear infection or other underlying issues that require medical attention.

It's also important to consult a doctor if you have frequent or recurring ear pain related to allergies, as it may suggest chronic congestion or problems with the eustachian tubes that may need more specialized treatment.

The Bottom Line

Allergies can lead to ear pain through congestion, inflammation, and pressure changes in the eustachian tubes. While allergies do not directly cause ear infections, they can create an environment that makes them more likely.

Fortunately, several treatments, such as antihistamines and nasal sprays like Allermi, can help alleviate these symptoms.

References:

1. Cleveland Clinic. (n.d.). Eustachian tubes. Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved December 3, 2024, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22072-eustachian-tubes
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, June 27). Ear infection (middle ear). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved December 3, 2024, from https://www.cdc.gov/ear-infection/about/index.html
3. Yu, X., Zhang, H., Zong, S., & Xiao, H. (2024). Allergy in pathogenesis of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction. The World Allergy Organization Journal, 17(1), 100860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100860
4. American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. (n.d.). Who gets allergies? American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. Retrieved December 3, 2024, from https://acaai.org/allergies/allergies-101/who-gets-allergies/